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WHAT KIND OF HARDWOOD SHOULD I CHOOSE?

Durability of the hardwood floors is mostly determined by the hardness of the different wood species. Janka Ratings will inform you what species you should consider if you want floors that are the most resistant to tear and wear.  To minimize the scratches you can also request a harder coating. Unfortunately, because of the cell structure, all wooden floors can scratch and dent. You can minimize it following several easy rules - use floor protectors on furniture, maintain humidity level between 30% and 50%, pay attention to the shoes you wearing, especially stiletto heels or cleats and clean the floor with products safe for urethane finishes.

WHAT ELSE SHOULD I CONSIDER CHOOSING HARDWOOD?

You should also consider areas of the house and traffic in those areas. For that reason you might choose, for example, softer bamboo for your bedrooms and harder teak for the hallways. The types of installation are also important, because of the surface the floor is being installed on. For example direct installation of the solid hardwood over the concrete below ground level is not recommended. In that particular case engineered wood floors are a much better choice.

ANY OTHER CHARACTERISTICS OF WOOD THAT ARE IMPORTANT?

Hardwood will react to humidity of your house and to heat. It contracts and expands. To minimize that effect you have to  maintain certain humidity level (30%-50%) and be careful with watering the plants.